ABSTRACT
Today, the general situation worldwide is that the hospitals, sanatoriums and medical colleges are running out of beds, oxygen, medical staff, ventilators and other required paraphernalia that is mandatory for the treatment of the vicious pandemic [1]. The requirement is for a system that takes in some input parameters like Oxygen level of the patient, pulse rate and respiration rate and in turn predicts the Life Risk Rate of that patient [2]. The model used here is a fuzzy regression model that gives the prediction of Life Risk Rate between 1 and 10 units. The lower the predicted Life Risk Rate, the better the chances of survival of the Covid patient. But if the predicted Life Risk Rate is more than the mean of the observations of the Risk in the dataset, then immediate emergency is needed. The benefit of this system is that the patients requiring immediate admission and treatment can be filtered and medical aid in hospital be thereby provided for critical patients. Rest may be home quarantined and domestic medical aid may be given to them until in some unfortunate situation their Risk Rate is near alarming. This paper aims to provide some help in this crucial situation. © 2021 Gnedenko Forum. All right reserved.
ABSTRACT
Malrotation of small bowel with midgut volvulus has a very low incidence of 0.2% in adults. Symptomatic malrotation in neonates occur in one in 6000 live births. The normal 270 degrees counter-clockwise gut rotation around the axis of superior mesenteric artery is absent in such cases. A 20-year-old male presented with intermittent colicky abdominal pain since four to five months, post-prandial bilious vomiting since one week and obstipation since two days. He also had difficulty breathing since two days. Abdominal examination revealed vague lump in right lower abdomen with no signs of peritonitis. Radiological investigations Ultrasonography (USG) and Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) abdomen demonstrated over distended stomach with dilated D1 and D2 showing changes in relation to superior mesenteric artery and superior mesenteric vein with rotation of mesentery in whirlpool pattern. His Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction Test (RT-PCR) was positive for Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Conservative trial for two days was followed by surgical exploration which revealed gut malrotation with mid-gut volvulus. Ladd's procedure was performed. Malrotation with midgut volvulus is an acute surgical emergency that demands high index of suspicion in an adult. Associated COVID-19 pneumonia can increase mortality. Patient was followed-up after three weeks with fruitful results, proving that an early diagnosis and definitive surgical correction of malrotation with midgut volvulus is essential.
ABSTRACT
Big facilities can be used to set up cohort wards for severe and critical COVID-19 patients. The purpose of carbon dioxide and humidity control is to provide healthy air for breathing by both diluting the pollutants originating in the building and removing the pollutants from it. In this paper, for proper mechanical ventilation to maintain indoor air quality (IAQ), a Self-tuned Interval Type-2 Fuzzy PI controller (SIT2FPIC) is proposed. 49 fuzzy if-then rules are used to tune the Interval Type-2 Fuzzy PI controller (IT2FPIC) for proper functioning and to reduce the parameter variations. Correlations of CO2 concentration and air humidity are studied to maintain the air quality in COVID-19 facilities. Mathematical models of CO2 concentration and air humidity in hospitals or temporary COVID-19 facilities are developed considering the presence of COVID-19 patients, doctors, nurses, etc in the room. The control and monitoring of room air quality are very much essential for any infectious diseases like coronavirus. To maintain the air quality in terms of humidity and carbon dioxide, the proposed SIT2FPIC is applied to the mathematical model of humidity and carbon dioxide for the simulation study. The effectiveness of the proposed controller in mechanical ventilation in the treatment facilities is shown by a comparative study of different transient parameters. Effects of load variations in the model are also studied to check the usefulness of the proposed scheme.